On Non-Symmetric Deformations of Neo-Hookean Solids

Deformations possible (i.e., those satisfying the governing three-dimensional equations of equilibrium and the incompressibility constraint) within a class of non-symmetric deformations for a neo-Hookean nonlinearly elastic body were determined in [1], where it was found that only three special cases of the class of deformation fields considered could be solutions. One of these is the trivial solution, one the solution describing radially symmetric deformation, and the other a (non-symmetric, non-homogeneous) deformation contained within a family of universal deformations. In this paper, the results reported in [1] are shown to hold for a substantially broadened deformation field. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Self-Contact for Rods on Cylinders

We study self-contact phenomena in elastic rods that are constrained to lie on a cylinder. By choosing a particular set of variables to describe the rod centerline the variational setting is made particularly simple: the strain energy is a second-order functional of a single scalar variable, and the self-contact constraint is written as an integral inequality. Using techniques from ordinary differential equation theory (comparison principles) and variational calculus (cut-and-paste arguments) we fully characterize the structure of constrained minimizers. An important auxiliary result states that the set of self-contact points is continuous, a result that contrasts with known examples from contact problems in free rods.     

Electroelastic analysis for a piezoelectric layer with surface electrodes

An electroelastic analysis of a transverse isotropic piezoelectric layer with surface electrodes is made. The piezoelectric layer is infinite long along the poling direction, and the top surface is perfectly bonded to a rigid electrode. The problem is solved via the conformal mapping technique for two cases of elastic boundary conditions on the bottom surface with two spaced electrodes, and the distribution of the electrostatic field in the entire piezoelectric layer is determined in an explicit analytic form, respectively. It is found that for the bottom surface electrodes with vanishing stiffness, the induced strain is singular, but no stress. Instead, for the bottom electrodes with stiffness as infinity, the induced stress is singular, but no strain.     

Modeling interaction of ultrashort pulses with ENZ materials

In this work, the split-step Fourier method for beam propagation is used to investigate the interaction of ultra-short pulses with epsilon-near-zero materials. The propagation of pulses is governed by the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) containing dispersion, gain-bandwidth, self-phase modulation, self-steepening, and absorption parameters. It is found that the intensity profile of the pulse is broadened and the phase of the pulse is shifted by dispersion phenomena. The gain/loss related to the imaginary part of the refractive index causes an increase or decrease in intensity and pulse edge effects. These effects do not favor the steady propagation of the pulse. The self-phase modulation is not noted to appreciably affect the intensity pulse profile. The self-steepening modifies the phase and energy of the pulse during propagation, as well as absorption, which influences the losses by both the linear and nonlinear effects.     

Chaotic behavior of a stack of intrinsic Josephson junctions at the transition to branching for overcritical currents

Phase dynamics of a stack of coupled intrinsic Josephson junctions was investigated in the framework of capacitively coupled Josephson junctions with diffusion current model. We study the transition from the current-voltage characteristic specific to Josephson junctions arrays with small dissipation and weak coupling between the junctions to the arrays with strong coupling between the junctions and high dissipation. Low dissipative arrays of Josephson junctions are characterized by the absence of branching for overcritical currents which appears for highly dissipative arrays. Described branching appears due to charging on the superconducting layers and charge traveling waves generation. Arrays of Josephson junctions with intermediate values of coupling and dissipation parameters are characterized by the chaotic behavior, confirmed by positive Lyapunov exponent, and branching on the current voltage characteristic for both sub- and overcritical currents.     

Design and simulation of charge transport in single-electron transistor using TCAD numerical simulator

The ability to control the electron flow of a MOSFET is decreased due to the quantum mechanical effect when scaled down below 50 nm. Hence, A new field of device research is needed to complete this challenge. A device based on Tunneling phenomena is called a single-electron device. In this paper, the most fundamental single-electron device is a single-electron transistor (SET) designed using visual TCAD with a gate length and width of 2 nm. The channel is ultra-thin with a length of 2 nm and a width of 0.005 nm, and the channel thickness is 0.3 nm. Then a Si quantum dot of size 0.5 × 1.nm² is used between the island and the gate. Both the Devices are simulated using the Genius Simulator. And it is found that at room temperature, the device with Si dot is more efficient. The device with Si dot has less capacitance and higher charging efficiency than the device without the Quantum dot.     

A novel image encryption based on rossler map diffusion and particle swarm optimization generated highly non-linear substitution boxes

Symmetric encryption is appraised as one of the key ways in which end-to-end data transfer security is guaranteed. To inject confusion in the substitution phase of the modern block encryption system, substitution boxes are utilized. The design of the S-box possesses a high influence on the strength and sturdiness of modern block encryption systems. In this document, we propose to introduce an efficient methodology of creating highly non-linear cryptographic substitution boxes as an alternate to chaotic, or algebraic construction methods. Particle Swarm Optimization is utilized in the construction of highly non-linear S-boxes, in the projected technique the initial population is randomly produced, and the position vector of particles is used in generating S-boxes. Performance appraisal of the constructed S-boxes is confirmed by standard criteria. To assess their appropriateness and their application for encryption, an image encryption scheme of the projected S-boxes is correspondingly suggested, the proposed cryptosystem is evaluated against different standard security analysis tests. The results show that the Proposed S-boxes based cryptosystem bearing strong immunity against various cryptographic attacks.     

Hybrid nanofluid flow over two different geometries with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model and heat generation: A model with correlation coefficient and probable error

The authors scrutinize the steady, MHD flow of SiO₂−MoS₂/water hybrid nanofluid towards two different geometries i.e. a wedge and a cone. The Tiwari and Das model is implemented with a generalized–Fourier's model, popularized as Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model. Analysis of heat transfer also incorporates the effects of suction, heat generation and thermal radiation. To showcase the relationship between engineering quantities and pertinent parameters involved in the study, the correlation coefficient for heat transfer coefficient and the skin friction coefficient is computed followed by the computation of probable error and statistical declaration. Similarity transformations are utilized to remodel the constitutive laws of flow in non-dimensional form. Numerical computation of non-linear, coupled O.D.E.’s is performed with the support of the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme and shooting method. Graphical and tabular illustrations of computed results are provided to report the variation in flow properties with the fluctuation in physical parameters. In both cases, i.e. flow close to a wedge and a cone, the temperature of hybrid nanofluid enhances on intensifying the thermal radiation and experiences a decrement with thermal relaxation parameter and magnetic field. Rising values of the suction parameter, thermal relaxation parameter, and thermal radiation cause increment in heat transfer coefficient. Interestingly, it was spotted that the heat generation parameter has contrary effects on temperature distribution over the two geometries.     

Prediction of drug-target interaction by integrating diverse heterogeneous information source with multiple kernel learning and clustering methods

BackgroundIdentification of potential drug-target interaction pairs is very important for pharmaceutical innovation and drug discovery. Numerous machine learning-based and network-based algorithms have been developed for predicting drug-target interactions. However, large-scale pharmacological, genomic and chemical datum emerged recently provide new opportunity for further heightening the accuracy of drug-target interactions prediction.ResultsIn this work, based on the assumption that similar drugs tend to interact with similar proteins and vice versa, we developed a novel computational method (namely MKLC-BiRW) to predict new drug-target interactions. MKLC-BiRW integrates diverse drug-related and target-related heterogeneous information source by using the multiple kernel learning and clustering methods to generate the drug and target similarity matrices, in which the low similarity elements are set to zero to build the drug and target similarity correction networks. By incorporating these drug and target similarity correction networks with known drug-target interaction bipartite graph, MKLC-BiRW constructs the heterogeneous network on which Bi-random walk algorithm is adopted to infer the potential drug-target interactions.ConclusionsCompared with other existing state-of-the-art methods, MKLC-BiRW achieves the best performance in terms of AUC and AUPR. MKLC-BiRW can effectively predict the potential drug-target interactions.